【www.scabjd.com--课件】

【导语】定语从句：在复合句中作定语用修饰句子中某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。以下内容由整理发布，欢迎阅读参考！更多相关讯息请关注！

① 定语从句的位置：放在名词或代词的后面。如：

The man who has an umbrella in his hand is my uncle.

(手上抓了一把雨伞的人是我的叔叔。)

② 语法术语：

被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词；

引导定语从句的连接词称为关系词,其中that、which、who称为关系代词；

where、when、how称为关系副词。

③ 关系代词或关系副词的作用：

关系代词who、whom和whose指人,分别在从句中作主语、宾语和定语。

which指物that多指物, 有时也指人,它们在从句中可以作主语或宾语。

定语从句中关系代词作从句宾语时可以省略。

This is the thief (that/who/whom)we have been looking for these days.

(这个就是我们近日一直在找的小偷。)

Please find a room which is big enough for all of us tolive in.

(请找一间足够大能住下我们全体的房间。)

关系副词when或where引导定语从句时,它们在从句中分别作时间状语和地点状语。

如：

This is the room where they had a quarrel a week ago.

(这是一个星期前他们吵架的房间。)

I can never forget the day when I first saw you.

(我永远不会忘记第一次见到你的日子。)

④ 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。

限制性定语从句在句中不能省略,否则主句意思就不完整。

非限制性定语从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开,这种从句是一种附加说明,如果从句子中省去,也不致于影响主句的意思。

如：

She spent the whole evening talking about her latest book, which none of us had heard of.

(她一个晚上都在谈论她最近的书,我们一个人都没有听说过那本书。)

[注解]

1、关系代词只能用that的情况：

当先行词是指事物的不定代词(all, anything等),

或先行词部分含有最高级,或含有序数词时,不能用其他的关系代词,只能用that.

如：

All that Lily told me seems untrue.

(Lily告诉我的话似乎不真实。)

Can you give me anything that has no sugar inside?

(能不能给我点里面没有糖的东西？)

This is the first two-story bus that runs inour city.

(这是第一辆运行于我市的双层公交车。)

2、关系代词在从句中作主语时一般用who(指人)、that(指物),而不用that指人或用which指物。

如：

Do you know the woman who is weeping in the corner?

(你认识那个在角落里哭泣的女人吗？)

Do not tell me any words that have nothing to do withme.

(跟我无关的话,请一个字也不要说。)

3、关系代词作从句的宾语时,常用which或whom,较少使用that或who,而且,关系代词常常省略。

如：

Tom’s father was the first parent whom our teacher talked to.

(Tom的父亲是我们老师第一个谈话的人。)

4、当关系代词紧跟在介词后面时,必须用which或whom,而当介词移到句尾时,则又可以使用that或who.

如：

This is the room in which Miss Li once lived.

(= This isthe room Miss Li once lived in.)

(这是李小姐曾经居住过的房间。)

本文来源：http://www.scabjd.com/wendang/13943/