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【导语】各朝各代的文化和历史保存在成语之中,这使成语具有各朝各代鲜明的文化特点和时代特色。熟知成语典故之人,一读到成语,那些历史事件、历史人物就鲜活生动的再现眼前;对历史不太熟悉之人,也会明白成语中引申的内涵。以下是整理的相关资料，希望帮助到您。

【篇一】

　　草木皆兵

　　In AD 383， the king of Former Qin (秦朝)， Fu Jian (fú jiān 苻坚)， led a huge army to attack Eastern Jin.

　　公元383年，秦王苻坚率领步兵、骑兵90万，攻打江南的晋朝。

　　After losing the first round of fighting， Fu Jian looked down from a city wall， and was terrified when he saw the formidable battle array of the Eastern Jin army.

　　在一轮战败后，苻坚从城墙俯视周遭，当他看到势不可破的东晋部队，他感到很害怕。

　　And then looking at the mountains around， he mistook the grass and trees for enemy soldiers.

　　此时，苻坚在寿春城上望见晋军队伍严整，士气高昂，再北望八公山，只见山上一草一木都像晋军的士兵一样，于是更加恐慌。

　　As a result， when the nervous Fu Jian led his army into battle， it suffered a crushing defeat.

　　后来苻坚全军覆没，带着少数残余的队伍逃回去了。

　　This idiom describes how one can defeat oneself by imaging difficulties.

　　这个成语后来形容人在极度惊恐时，疑神疑鬼的心理状态。

　　英文中“草木皆兵”的相应说法可以用“afraid of one’s own shadow”，也就是一个人连自己的影子都怕，当一个人连自己的影子都怕的时候，是不是就是疑神疑鬼，“草木皆兵”了呢~~

　　我们来一起看一个例句吧~

　　She stays at home all the time and never makes any new friends. She seems to be afraid of her own shadow.

　　她老待在家里， 从不交新朋友，感觉“草木皆兵”。

【篇二】

　　抱薪救火

　　In the last years of the Warring States period (战国， 475-221BC)， the State of Qin (秦国) attacked the State of Wei (魏国) on a large scale repeatedly and occupied large areas of land， for the State of Wei was too weak to defend itself.

　　战国末期，秦国向魏国接连发动大规模的进攻，魏国无力抵抗，大片土地都被秦军占领了。

　　In 273 BC， the Qin army launched another attack upon the State of Wei with a momentum more vigorous than ever. The king of the State of Wei summoned his officials，and asked with a worried look if anyone could propose a way to defeat the Qin army.

　　到公元前273年，秦国又一次向魏国出兵，势头空前猛烈。魏王把大臣们召来，愁眉苦脸地问大家有没有使秦国退兵的办法。

　　After years of chaos caused by the wars，the officials trembled when fighting was mentioned， and no one dared to speak of “resistance”.

　　大臣们由于经过多年的战乱，提起打仗就吓得哆嗦，谁也不敢谈“抵抗”二字。

　　At the critical moment when a large enemy force was approaching the border， most of the officials persuaded the king to sue for peace， at the cost of giving away to the State of Qin the large area of land north of the Huanghe River

　　(huáng hé 黄河) and south of the Taihang Mountain (tài háng shān 太行山).

　　在这大兵压境的危急时刻，多数大臣都劝魏王，用黄河以北和太行山以南的大片土地为代价，向秦王求和。

　　However Su Dai (sūdài 苏代)， a counsellor， did not agree. He hurried up to the king and said：“Your Majesty， they don‘t think about the interests of the country at all.It is just because they are cowardly and afraid of death that they ask you to sue for peace by betraying the country.Of course you can temperarily satisfy the ambition of the king of the State of Qin is insatiably greedy. It will never stop assaulting us until our land is totally given away.”

　　谋士苏代听了这些话，很不以为然，忙上前对魏王说：“大王，他们是因为自己胆小怕死，才让您去*求和，根本不为国家着想。您想，把大片土地割让给秦国虽然暂时满足了秦王的野心，但秦国的*是无止境的，只要魏国的土地没割完，秦军就不会停止进攻我们。”

　　Once there was a man whose house was on fire. People told him to put out the fire with water， but he would not listen. Instead， he carried a faggot to put out the fire， only to make the fire fiercer. That was because he didn’t know that，instead of putting out the fire， faggots could only make it burning more vigorously. Isn‘t it equivalent to carrying faggots to put out a fire if you agree to sue for peace at the cost of the land of the State of Wei？“

　　说到这里，苏代讲了一个故事：“从前有一个人，他的房子起火了，别人劝他快用水去浇灭大火，但他不听，偏抱起一捆柴草去救火，是因为他不懂得柴草不但不能灭火反而能助长火势的道理。大王若同意拿着魏国土地去求和，不就等于抱着柴草救火吗？”

　　Though Su Dai’s argument was very convincing， the king accepted the suggestion of those officials and gave away to the State of Qin a large area of the land of the State of Wei.

　　尽管苏代讲得头头是道，但是胆小的魏王只顾眼前的太平，还是依大臣们的意见把魏国大片土地割让给秦国。

　　The State of Wei was finally destroyed by the State of Qin. This story appears in the Historical Records Written by Sima Qian. The set phrase“carrying faggots to put out a fire”is used to mean adopting a wrong method to save a situation and ending up by making it worse.

　　到公元225年，魏国最终被秦国灭掉了。这个故事出自司马迁的《史记》，“抱薪救火”就是指“用错误的方式去挽救现状，最终只会令状况更糟糕”。

　　英文中“抱薪救火”的相应说法可以用“to add insult to injury”，“insult”是“言语侮辱”的意思，试想当一个人已经受伤了，你可能本想用激将法，但最后却适得其反，越帮越忙，变成了“在伤口上撒盐”，那就是“抱薪救火”啦~

　　同时也可以用“to add fuel to the fire”来表达“抱薪救火”的意思，其实“to add fuel to the fire”的直译是“火上浇油”，但实际表达的含义是相近的~

【篇三】

　　爱屋及乌

　　There was a state called zhou (周) in the chinese history.

　　中国历史上有一个国家名叫“周”。

　　One day， the king of zhou asked his officials for advice on deal with prisoners of war.

　　一天，周王问他的官员，应该怎样处理战俘。

　　An official said， “i once heard if you love someone， you are intended to love even the crows on the roof of his house； if you hate someone， you are intended to hate even the walls and the parapets of his. The prisoners of war were enemies fighting against us. In my opinion， we‘d better kill them all.”

　　一个官员说：“我以前曾听说：如果喜欢某个人，就连停留在那人住的屋顶上的乌鸦都喜欢；如果厌恶某个人，就连那人家里的墙壁和围墙都厌恶。战俘是我们的敌人，和我们是对立的，我觉得最好把他们全部杀了。”

　　But the king didn’t agree with him.“I think we should treat the prisoners of war differently by differing them into those who are guilty and those who are not. The guilty ones will be sentenced to death in order to avoid future disasters.” Another official put forward his suggestion.

　　周王认为这样做不行。另外一个官员也提出了自己的意见：“依我看应该把战俘区分对待，把有罪的和无罪的、好的和坏的区分开来。有罪的战俘要处死，不能留下祸患。”

　　The king didn‘t think it was a proper way， either.

　　周王认为这样做也不大妥当。

　　Then a third one said， “Your majesty， I think all the prisoners should be set free and sent back home to work in the fields and support themselves by their own labor. Moreover， you should keep strictly the rules for reward and punishment and treat your relatives and friends impartially.The people are sure to believe in you if you administer our country by morals and laws.”

　　接着，又有一个官员说：“大王，我认为应该把这些战俘全都放了，让他们回到自己的家里，耕种田地，自食其力。而大王对自己的亲人和朋友，也要赏罚分明，不能偏心。通过道德和法律来治理国家，人民肯定会对大王信服的。”

　　The king thought the official’s proposal was quite reasonable so he accepted and followed it.As a result， the domestic situation soon settled down and gradually the country became more stable and stronger.

　　周王听后觉得很有道理，就按这个办法去做，结果国家真的很快安定下来了，变得越来越稳定和强大。

　　The idiom is then used to mean that if you love someone，you‘ll love people and things relative to him as well.

　　成语“爱屋及乌”后来就被用来比喻：因为喜爱一个人，连带和他有关的人或事物也喜爱、关心。

　　“爱屋及乌”的英语表达大家也一定都有所耳闻了吧~就是“Love me， love my dog.”字面意思就是“爱我，就要爱我的狗”，比喻一个人如果喜欢一样事物或者人，他就会喜爱关于这个事物或是人的一切，也就是“爱屋及乌”的意思啦~

　　这里向大家介绍一首好听的英文歌曲，就叫做“Love me， love my dog.”是由Peter Shelley演唱的，相信大家听完，一定会牢牢记住这一个有趣的英文表达。

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